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开源技术与研究应用

        开源自诞生那天起就颠覆了人们的思维,如今它已在政府部门、教育科学、工业农业、软件硬件等领域蓬勃发展。Drupal-pi,一个将开源内容管理开发框架运行于开源硬件设备上的计划。通过使用Raspberry Pi硬件平台和平台群集(Raspberry Pi Dramble,图2),最新的Drupal 8可以完美运行。

1. 开源硬件与开源软件

         采用开源硬件设备(如Raspberry Pi、Onion Pi、DesignSpark、ThingSpeak、Arduino、chipKIT等)与相关通讯协议,如MQTT、BACNet、BACNet Stack(BACNet Stack协议)、ModBus(工业通讯协议)、HTTP(超文本传输协议)、SNMP(简单网络协议)、VoIP(网络语音协议)、VSCP(简单控制协议,如VSCP home automation)、EMail等,以及用户前端应用程序,如NagiOS(开源系统状态与网络信息监控系统)、Mango(Infinite自动化公司提供的支持设备间以Modbus, BACnet, SNMP, HTTP协议通讯的软件平台)、MisterHouse与Drupal等,可实现从硬件平台到软件平台以及用户端应用的整合。

        而基于Drupal实现这种整合,似乎也变得越来越容易,如Terrarium_D7Sensor-Server on DrupalArduino DrupalRaspberry-Pi D7Raspberry-pi-drambleFarm_SensorBACnet for DrupalVoIP DrupalDrupal-mangoNagios-Monitoring-on Drupal(监控)、FarmOS(基于EMail协议传感的农场检测与管理)等。

         这之中,将WacnetRaspberry-Pi D7结合起来,并同时结合BACnet Router或Converter(如Modbus-to-BACnet)及数据中间插件(MiddleWare)(如数据记录<Datalogger>、数据采集<Acquisition Systems>系统[4, 5])、用户界面控制(Annikken Andee[6]):/   MicroService    ,对于实现从Raspberry Pi硬件平台到Drupal软件平台的无缝连接是具有折腾意义的(图1)。

图1 开源硬件Arduino/Raspberry pi、开源软件Drupal与医学检验设备的整合构想


图2 Raspberry Pi Dramble

图3 Raspberry Pi Zero

图4 MK802iv miniature PC with Ubuntu Wacnet image

图5 MicroB: Plug and explore your BACnet networkas well as BACnet Data

图6 Drupal Pi

图7 Arduino与Raspberry pi的整合[5]

除此之外,Labware(https://open-labware.net)、Openhardware(http://openhardware.science)提供良好的科学研究开源硬件方面的支持,例如:

  • 开源数字微流控技术Dropbot&DStat:https://microfluidics.utoronto.ca
  • 开源数字微流控平台OpenDrop:http://www.gaudi.ch/OpenDrop
  • 开源数字微流自动系统DropBot:https://microfluidics.utoronto.ca/dropbot/,https://sci-bots.com
  • 低成本微流控开放平台:https://github.com/SynBioUC/FluoPi
  • 开放纸质微流控:https://github.com/SynBioUC/Corchea-1
  • 开源高精度3D打印:https://www.instructables.com/DIY-high-resolution-3D-DLP-printer-3D-printer
  • 开源高精度机械定位OpenFlexure:https://openflexure.org
  • 皮升容量生物样品制取装置OpenSpritzer:https://open-labware.net/projects/openspritzer
  • 可3D打印开源荧光显微镜FlyPi:https://open-labware.net/projects/flypi
  • 开源神经元信号装置:https://open-labware.net/projects/spikeling
  • 可打印3D开源微量移液器:https://open-labware.net/projects/biropettes

 

利用上述开源硬件,可实现多种创新创意。例如创意站点Pinterest(https://www.pinterest.com,https://www.pinterest.com/openhwlabs)、电子创意中心(https://www.electronicshub.org)、Arduino硬件创意(https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/projects/tags/arduino,https://www.electronicshub.org/arduino-project-ideas, https://www.hackster.io)收集罗列多种创意项目。而来自Instructable(https://www.instructables.com)则提供了相关硬件制作的

2. 开源开放科学数据

     目前,国际基因表达公共数据库NCBI GEO(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo)、癌症基因图谱数据TCGA(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov)以及Nature开放数据(https://www.nature.com/sdata)让基因组相关研究数据变得触手可及。例如,Nature开放多组学数据(https://www.nature.com/collections/hbchcddagg)提供了多个研究结果数据的访问入口(实例:lncRNAKB, a knowledgebase of tissue-specific functional annotation and trait association of long noncoding RNA)。

     此外,CbioPortal for Cancer Genomics, (http://www.cbioportal.org) 、EurOPDX Data Portal (https://dataportal.europdx.eu)、Xena browser (https://xenabrowser.net)、OmicsDI  (http://www.omicsdi.org)和dataMed (https://datamed.org) 和Google Dataset Search (https://datasetsearch.research.google.com)为组学数据的访问和下载提供强有力地支持。而Kaggle(https://www.kaggle.com)则让数据建模与机器学习为特色的,让数据学习和实践变得有数可依(可查看“用Kaggle开启机器学习之旅”)。

 

*说明:本文是“开源的思考: 从硬件到软件再到用户——移动医疗与IVD-POCT产品”的升级文本。

 

 

参考

  1. OpenSources. https://opensource.com
  2. DesignShare. http://www.rs-online.com/designspark/designshare/chn
  3. Smart Home Project with ThingSpeak, Arduino, chipKIT, and Drupal. http://community.thingspeak.com/2012/05/smart-home-project-with-thingspe...
  4. Open source data logger for low-cost environmental monitoring. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4030251
  5. Arduino + Raspberry Pi + Sending data to the web. http://www.benk.ca/node/10
  6. A demo for open hardware meeting open software: Arduino + Android + Drupal . https://insready.com/en/blog/demo-open-hardware-meeting-open-software-ar...
  7. Annikken Andee–Arduino与Android间的简易连接。http://www.xlgps.com/article/372505.html
  8. Hardware Hacks: Onion Pi, DesignSpark and Arduino control boards. http://www.h-online.com/open/news/item/Hardware-Hacks-Onion-Pi-DesignSpa...
  9. A BACnet Module for Drupa. http://www.function1.com/2015/04/a-bacnet-module-for-drupal
  10. The "BACnet Group - Drupal" is a non-profit organization (in development) to promote the use of Drupal as an energy conservation measure.  http://www.bg-drupal.org
  11. Monitoring Drupal using Nagios integration. http://2bits.com/articles/presentation-monitoring-drupal-using-nagios-in...
  12. Drupal-based farmOS manages food, farmers, and community. https://opensource.com/life/15/11/farmos-drupal-based-farm-management-so...
  13. BACnet Group Google+. https://plus.google.com/communities/115085625631654702949/stream/4cc36de...
  14. Ubuntu Wacnet image. http://blog.hvac.io/2014/09/08/sd-card-ubuntu-wacnet-image
  15. Wacnet: https://hvac.io/docs/wacnet
  16. Microservices. https://www.drupal.org/project/microservices
  17. Drupal and the Internet of Things, https://www.orkjern.com/drupal-internet-of-things
  18. Drupal and IoT. Code examples, https://www.orkjern.com/drupal-iot-code-part-one & https://www.orkjern.com/drupal-iot-code-part-2
  19. Beyond the Blink: Add Drupal to Your IoT Playground, https://events.drupal.org/neworleans2016/sessions/beyond-blink-add-drupa...
  20. Simple REST calls with Arduino over WiFi, http://rexstjohn.com/simple-rest-calls-with-arduino-over-wifi
  21. A REST API for Arduino & the CC3000 WiFi Chip, https://learn.adafruit.com/a-rest-api-for-arduino-and-the-cc3000-wifi-ch...
  22. Designning electronic schematics with no previous knowledge of hardware, http://milletool.com
  23. Makerfire, https://makerfaire.com